Humboldt Penguin - Five Sisters Zoo

Humboldt Penguins are a medium-sized black and white penguin from the Pacific coast of South America. Their body is covered in short, dense, waterproof feathers with a band of white feathers that runs across the top of their chest and up to their eyes. The white banding does not develop until the penguin reaches maturity, so young penguins are easy to spot by their more uniform charcoal-coloured feathers around the head and chest. The black and white colouring is a form of counter shading, rendering the penguin almost invisible to prey and predator in the water.

Facts

Diet: Carnivore; fish, crustaceans and cephalopods.

Weight: 3.6-5.8 kilograms

Height: 65-70cm

Habitat: Coastline of Chile and Peru. Nesting along the rocky coasts and caves but spend the majority of their time in the sea.

Life span: 15-20 years under human care

Adapted to Survive

  • The pink, featherless patches around their beak and eyes allow the penguin to lose excess heat
  • A layer of down under their waterproof feathers insulates the penguin in cold ocean waters
  • Penguin calls and spots are unique, allowing them to identify one another

Threats

  • Habitat loss and destruction due to climate change and over fishing
  • Invasive species
  • Human-wildlife conflict

IUCN Conservation Status

Vulnerable